Venerable (Monastic) 12th century

Venerable Alypios the Iconographer of the Kiev Near Caves

died 1114

Also known as Alypius · Alipy

One of the earliest and most famed iconographers of the Kiev Caves, who learned from Greek masters and painted icons as a monastic labor.

Feast Day
August 17
Draft
Draft — pending review. Not yet verified for publication.

Life

Alypios of the Kiev Near Caves was one of the earliest and most accomplished iconographers of Kievan Rus, often described as the first icon painter of the region. A monk of the Kiev Caves Monastery, he learned his craft from the Greek masters who came from Constantinople to decorate the monastery's church, and he practiced iconography as a form of monastic labor.

He received monastic tonsure from Igoumen Nikon (died 1088), was later ordained a hieromonk, and from his youth devoted himself to ascetic work within the monastery. He painted icons without seeking payment, dividing any money he did receive between art supplies, charity to the poor, and his own sustenance, and interrupted his work only to attend the Divine Services. He reposed in 1114 and was buried in the Near Caves of the Kiev Pechersk Lavra.

Timeline 4 moments Read Hide
  1. before 1088 Monastic tonsure Alypios received monastic tonsure from Igoumen Nikon, who died in 1088, and was later ordained a hieromonk.
  2. 1083 Studied under the Greek masters By tradition, Alypios learned iconography from the Greek masters who painted the church of the Kiev Caves in 1083.
  3. 1113-1125 Vladimir-Rostov Icon installed at Rostov His Vladimir-Rostov Icon of the Dormition was, according to the sources, installed by Prince Vladimir Monomakh in a church at Rostov during his reign.
  4. 1114 Repose Alypios reposed in 1114 and was buried in the Near Caves of the Kiev Pechersk Lavra.

Contributions & Legacy

4 contributions Read Hide

Life and Monastic Labor

Alypios entered the Kiev Caves Monastery and received monastic tonsure from Igoumen Nikon, who died in 1088; he was subsequently ordained a hieromonk. From his youth he gave himself to labor within the monastery, and according to the tradition he learned iconography from the Greek masters who painted the church of the Caves in 1083.

He maintained a distinctive discipline regarding payment. He painted icons without asking for compensation, and when clients did pay him he reportedly allocated the money in three parts: one portion for materials, one for charity to the poor, and the remainder for his own needs. The sources relate that he interrupted his iconography only to attend the Divine Services.

Works

Alypios is credited with the Sven-Caves Icon of the Mother of God and the Vladimir-Rostov Icon depicting the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos, which Prince Vladimir Monomakh (who reigned 1113-1125) is said to have installed in a church at Rostov. Medieval sources also associate him with mosaic work in the Dormition Cathedral and with murals at St. Michael's Cathedral in Kiev.

One surviving icon attributed to him, the Sven Icon of the Theotokos, is preserved in the State Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow.

Miracles and Traditions

Traditional accounts attribute several wonders to Alypios. The synaxarion relates that he healed a man from Kiev who suffered from leprosy by anointing the patient's wounds with his paints. In another account, two monks received commissioned boards but failed to inform Alypios; when the church patron checked, beautiful icons had already been painted on them, and when that church later burned, the icons remained intact.

According to the tradition, he himself witnessed a supernatural event while the Greek artisans worked: as the iconographers adorned the altar, an icon of the Most Holy Theotokos imprinted itself on the wall and shone brighter than the sun. During his final illness, it is said that an angel painted an icon of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos and then received his soul.

A later account records that when his body was discovered, the fingers of his right hand were still formed in the manner of making the Sign of the Cross.

Relics and Shrines

Alypios was buried in the Near Caves of Saint Anthony at the Kiev Pechersk Lavra, where his relics remain. The Near Caves trace their origin to the cave system associated with the monk Anthony, who settled near the site around 1057.

Sources: OCA Synaxarion (oca.org), Lives of the Saints